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   "source": [
    "# Python as a calculator\n",
    "\n",
    "```{admonition} Interactive page\n",
    ":class: warning, dropdown\n",
    "This is an interactive book page. Press the launch button at the top right side.\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n",
    "Python has a set of **mathematical functions** that are built directly into the language. You can, therefore, use Python as a calculator."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "tags": [
     "remove-output"
    ]
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "1+1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Calculations also work with variables:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
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   "source": [
    "a = 5\n",
    "print(a+1)"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "source": [
    "```{exercise}\n",
    "Discover what the following Python operators do by performing some math with them in the code cell below: `*`, `-`, `/`, `**`, `//`, `%`. Use `print` to investigate the outputs.\n",
    "```"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "code",
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Your code here\n",
    "\n"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "source": [
    "```{admonition} Integer division (//) and modulus (%) operators\n",
    ":class:note\n",
    "\n",
    "The **integer division** operator `//` performs division and truncates the decimal part to return the largest **integer** less than or equal to the result.\n",
    "\n",
    "The **modulus** operator `%` gives the **remainder** when one number is divided by another.\n",
    "\n",
    "For example, if we divide 13 by 3, the result is 4.333. Therefore, the largest integer less than the resulting 4.333 is 4 and the remainder is 1. If you think in the opposite direction, you could \"construct\" number 13 as 3*4 + 1. Therefore, in Python the result of `13 // 3` would be 4, and the result of `13 % 3` would be 1.\n",
    "```"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "Another handy built-in function is `abs()` for calculating absolute values:"
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "print(abs(10))\n",
    "print(abs(-10))\n",
    "print(abs(1j))\n",
    "print(abs(1+1j))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   },
   "source": [
    "You can find the full list of built-in mathematical commands on the [Python documentation webpage](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#numeric-types-int-float-complex)."
   ]
  }
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