(Ch:ComplexNumbers)=
# Complex numbers

In this chapter, we will introduce complex numbers, which are numbers that can be expressed in the form $a + bi$, where $a$ and $b$ are real numbers, and $i$ is the imaginary unit defined by the property $i^2 = -1$. Complex numbers extend the concept of one-dimensional number lines to two-dimensional planes, allowing for a richer mathematical framework.

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